Francis Sumner s Father Of Black Psychology Essay

Francis Sumner When spoken of, Francis Cecil Sumner is considered the ‘First’. Sumner was the first African American male psychologist; he was called Father of Black Psychology. Despite the odds Francis Sumner faced, he did what many felt was impossible to do. Sumner not only did the unthinkable, but he proved that no matter whom you are, what you are, or where you come from you decide your destiny. Sumner is known to many as the ‘Father of Black Psychology’. Sumner was born in a segregated community, didn’t have an education pass junior high, and was looked down upon because he was black. Francis Cecil Sumner was born on December 7, 1985 in Pine Bluff, Arkansas. Too many Sumner was known as the ‘Father of Black Psychologist’ because he was the first black male to receive his doctoral in psychology. Sumner completed this degree at Clark University at Massachusetts in the year of 1920. A committed scholar regarding psychology, languages, and religion, Fr ancis assisted with bettering education opportunities for African Americans for the reason that he was colored† (â€Å"Francis Cecil Sumner†). As a child Sumner attended elementary school and three different States Plainfield, New Jersey; Washington, D.C.; and Norfolk, Virginia. Sumner’s father was unappeased with the caliber of prep school offered to African youth in the restricted schools available to coloreds (Francis Sumner, Max Meenes). Sumner’s father who was self-educated decided to home-school his son from elementary upShow MoreRelatedEdward Cecil Sumner : Father Of Black Psychology1241 Words   |  5 Pageshen spoken of, Francis Cecil Sumner is considered the ‘First’. Sumner was the first African American male psychologist, he was called Father of Black Psychology. Despite the odds Francis Sumner faced, he did what many felt was impossible to do. Sumner not only did the unthinkable, but he proved that no matter who you are, what you are, or where you come from you decide your destiny. Sumner is known to many as the ‘Father of Black Psychology’. Sumner was born in a segregated community, didn’t haveRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesbuilt-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore

Spirituality and Religion Essay - 2261 Words

Introduction on Religion Religion is an important aspect on studies of early mental health practice. Religion is important to as many as 75% of the population, more profound and relevant with people over 65 years of age and older (Richards and Bergin, 1997). Religion plays a pivotal role on older adults, it becomes part of their identity and personality (Koenig, Siegler George, 1989). According to Koenig (1989), religion incorporates people’s rituals, beliefs, and practices pertaining to the â€Å"transcendent.† Which means, these beliefs relates to the supernatural and mystical elements of the world (Koenig, Siegler George, 1989). Religion is always practiced within a community, group, or cult. Religion is often organized and it†¦show more content†¦You don’t have to follow guidelines, rules and regulations to live your life, the way you want to live it. Variations of Religion Study A thorough research study composed by Walker et al, within this study he followed a compare and contrast method with senior residents. The staff was comprised from different religious organizations and from 13 facilities, in which long-term care was provided. A survey was conducted with this researcher. The first group that Walker et al focused on was understanding religion from the Jewish perception. The Jewish residents all belonged to the same synagogue, in which the survey was conducted. The first task given was to identify 35 words that incorporates what Judaism personally means to each person. The five religious words that were repeated in the study were: Torah, heritage, social activism, Ten Commandments, and belief in one God. The Jewish residents defined spirituality as a deep connection with God. The five religious words that were repeated in the study for spirituality were: connection with God, appreciating other beliefs, understanding foundation of the afterlife, and medi tation (Walker et al. August Spirituality and the Elderly: Survey of Staff and Residents From Long-Term Care Facilities, 1998). The second group Walker et al focused on was Christianity with Christian residents all above the age of 65. These residents were told to come up withShow MoreRelatedReligion, Religion And Spirituality1545 Words   |  7 PagesFor many people, religion and spirituality plays a huge part of their life. In other people, religion and spirituality is not a part of their life at all. In gothic literature, religion and spirituality are usually either very present in a work, or not present at all. In some cases, the lack of religion and spirituality affect the outcome of the story. In other cases, the character’s immense beliefs in religion and spirituality can also drastically affect the outcome of the story. In the movie, TheRead MoreSpirituality Reflection On Religion And Spirituality Essay1353 Words   |  6 PagesSpirituality Reflection Religion and spirituality are two subjects that many are unable to make a differentiation between. Religion is an institutionalization created by man, while spirituality is an expression or belief that an individual is born with. I did not grow up in a religious household; however, my family has always had spirituality formed around love. I came to know God and his word at a very young age, but the Bible was never a topic that I could rationalize or understand as more thanRead MoreThe Issue Of Religion And Spirituality966 Words   |  4 PagesThis essay will research the issue whether religion and spirituality can positively affect health. It will explain the differences between religion and spirituality and will research the religion importance in human life as religion or spirituality have a lifestyle for many individuals. Historically religion and spirituality have been seen primitive. People have believed to higher powers as sun, water, air etc. Around the world there are different religions such as Sikhism, Buddhism, Jainism, ChristianityRead MoreWhy Religion And Spirituality?1160 Words   |  5 PagesTheme One: Why religion and spirituality? The first theme that I have identified as significant in my spiritual journey is ‘Why religion and spirituality?’ To me this theme encompasses and seeks to illuminate the burning desire that human beings have to find answers to questions that give meaning to their life. The main premise of Mackay’s book is about the people’s desire for a life of meaning, be that with, or without the traditional institutionalized idea of God. In the first chapter Mackay discussesRead MoreSpirituality and Religion Essay1149 Words   |  5 Pages307). One component of the Neuman Systems Model is spirituality, which is described as being related to beliefs and influences that are spiritual. It should be noted that this was absent in her initial conceptualization and was developed later (Meleis, 2007, p.307). While utilizing the Neuman framework for client assessment, religion is often applied as a spiritual factor. Using this theory as basis one might conclude that religio n and spirituality are synonymous in concept. This begs the question:Read MoreThe Theory Of Religion And Spirituality1481 Words   |  6 PagesA Gallup poll indicated that religion is a â€Å"very important† part of the lives of approximately 67% of the American public, of whom 96% believe in God and 42% attend religious services regularly (Powell, Shahabi, Thoresen, 2003). People join religious institutions and follow spiritual paths for a variety of reasons, such as faith, prayer, social support, cultural traditions, commitment to the community, and more. The role of religion in people’s lives is dramatic and research on the topic has mirroredRead MoreReligion And Spirituality And Its Influences903 Words   |  4 PagesReligion/Spirituality and its Influences Psychologists are professionals with a responsibility to provide the best care possible to the individuals that need their assistance. This is why it is mandatory to continue training and education, to remain current in the knowledge of treatment methods to ensure the optimal quality of services provided (Fisher, 2013). With that said, psychologists ponder whether religion and spirituality should be integrated into methods of therapy and if so, what typesRead MoreSpirituality, Religion And Schizophrenia Essay1398 Words   |  6 PagesSpirituality, Religion and schizophrenia Often psychiatrist treat patients with schizophrenia disorders who are religious or have some form of spirituality. The focus of the psychiatric care has been shifted from treating mental illness to caring for people who manage their own mental illness. Therefore, it is necessary to include an emphasis on the spirituality and religiousness of those with chronic mental illness and the role that it plays in their care. Spirituality and religiousness has beenRead MoreWhat Is Spirituality Or Religion?1265 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is spirituality? And is it only related to religion? It is hard to answer these questions as there are a lot of definitions of spirituality and what is it related to. For some people, spirituality has no meaning outside the circle of the religion. On the other hand, some people say that spirituality can exist inside the religion and also outside the religion. People should stop relating spirituality to only religion. Instead, people should know the true meaning of spirituality outsideRead MoreThe Existence Of Religion And Spirituality Essay1737 Words   |  7 Pageseventually morphed into the humans we are today, the world was also introduced to spirituality. Since the times humans first coexisted with others there was a form of belief and religion. The surprising fact is, religion and spirituality first took form in the shape and embodiment of a female. The Goddess was the first physical presentation of an otherworldly being and was in place for longer than we ve had our current religion. The surviving art documents and ideological evolution in human consciousness:

A Brief History Of The Internet Origins Free Essays

By default, any definitive history of the Internet must be short, since the Internet (in one form or another) has only been in existence for less than 30 years. The first iteration of the Internet was launched in 1971 with a public showing in early 1972. This first network, known as ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency NETwork) was very primitive by today’s standards, but a milestone in computer communications. We will write a custom essay sample on A Brief History Of The Internet Origins or any similar topic only for you Order Now ARPANET was based upon the design concepts of Larry Roberts (MIT) and was fleshed out at the first ACM symposium, held in Gaithersburg, TN in 1966, although RFPs weren’t sent out until mid 1968. The Department of Defense in 1969 commissioned ARPANET, and the first node was created at the University of California in Los Angeles, running on a Honeywell DDP-516 mini-computer. The second node was established at Stanford University and launched on October first of the same year. On November 1, 1969, the third node was located at the University of California, Santa Barbara and the fourth was opened at the University of Utah in December. By 1971 15 nodes were linked including BBN, CMU, CWRU, Harvard, Lincoln Lab, MIT, NASA/Ames, RAND, SDC, SRI and UIU(C). In that same year, Larry Roberts created the first email management program. As a side note, Ray Tomlinson is the person who established the â€Å"@† sign as a domain/host designator from his Model 33 Teletype. The first international connection to ARPANET is established when the University College of London is connected in 1973, and RFC-454 â€Å"File Transfer Protocol† was published. 1973 was also the year that Dr. Robert Metcalf’s doctoral thesis outlined the specifications for Ethernet. The theory was tested on Xerox PARCs computers. 974 saw the launch of TELNET public packet data service. UUCP (Unix-to-Unix Copy Protocol) was developed at ATT Bell Labs in 1976, and distributed with UNIX the following year. 1978 saw the split of TCP into TCP and IP. In 1979 the first MUD (Multi-User Domain) was created by Dr. Richard Bartle and Roy Trubshaw from the University of Essex, and was the foundation for multi-player games (among other things). This event marked the gradual decline of productivity over the Internet. In 1981 a cooperative network between CUNY (City University of New York) and Yale was established. This network was called BITNET (Because It’s There NETwork) and was designed to provide electronic mail transfer and list serve services between the two institutions. RFC-801 â€Å"NCP/TCP Transition Plan† was published that same year. It was because of the growing interconnectivity of new networks that the phrase â€Å"Internet† was coined in 1982, and the Department of Defense also declared TCP/IP to be its defacto standard. The first name server was developed in 1983 at the University of Wisconsin, allowing users to access systems without having to know the exact path to the server. 1983 also saw the transition from NCP to TCP/IP, and it was at this same time that ARPANET was split into ARPANET and MILNET. 68 of the current 113 existing nodes were assigned to MILNET. It was also in 1983 that a San Francisco programmer, Tom Jennings wrote the first FidoNet Bulletin Board System, which was capable of allowing both email and message passing over the Internet between networked BBSs by 1988. In 1984, the number of hosts on the Internet broke 1000, and DNS (Domain Name Services) was introduced. Moderated newsgroups also made their first appearance this year, although it would be almost a year and a half before NNTP (Network New Transfer Protocol) would be introduced. In 1985, the WELL (Whole Earth ‘Lectronic Link) was launched out of Sausalito California, allowing San Francisco Bay Area users free access to the Internet. The Internet had grown so fast, and to such large proportions by this time that some control was needed to oversee its expansion, so in 1986, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and Internet Research Task Force (IRTF) came into existence under the IAB. 1988 Saw the advent of IRC (Internet Relay Chat), developed by Jarkko Oikarinen, and it can be safely assumed that the first â€Å"Hot Chat† took place very shortly afterwards. By 1989 the number of Internet hosts had capped 100,000, and the first commercial Internet mail service was created by MCI. In 1990, ARPANET was finally closed down and ceased to exist. Two other notable events this year include the release of ARCHIE by Peter Deutsch, Alan Emtage, and Bill Heelan at McGill, and the first remotely controlled machine to be linked to the Internet; a toaster (controlled by SNMP). 1991 was the year what WAIS (Wide Area Information Servers), was released by Brewster Kahle, of Thinking Machines Corporation; Paul Lindner and Mark P. McCahill released Gopher from the University of Minnesota, and most notably, World-Wide Web was released by Tim Berners-Lee of CERN. By 1992 the number of hosts on the Internet had exceeded 1,000,000 and the first MBONE audio multicast was made. In 1993 InternNIC was created by, the National Science Foundation (NSF). InterNIC provided a centralized organization for domain name registration, and continues to regulate that function today. As the great, unwashed hordes began to flood into the Internet, it was only natural that vendors would soon follow. So in 1995, the first Internet based â€Å"shopping mall† was opened on the World Wide Web. It was also in this year that the World Wide Web edged out FTP as the most popular service on the Internet. In 1995, Compuserve, America Online and Prodigy opened up Internet access portals, and hundreds of thousands of commercial users flooded into what had previously been the private domain of veteran computer users. The average IQ dropped dramatically at this point. Since 1995, some of the new and/or emerging technologies have included Server Push, Multicasting, Streaming Media, E-Commerce, ASP and XML. Although the Internet started out of military necessity, it is doubtful that its creators could envision its impact, not only on the American culture or the world in general, but on the future of the human race. The Internet will continue to grow and evolve in the years to come, becoming an indispensable channel of communication and a catalyst for human evolution. 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Anne Frank review Essay Example For Students

Anne Frank review Essay On the Deportations Our many Jewish friends and acquaintances are being taken away in droves. The Gestapo is treatiang them very roughly and transporting them in cattle cars to Westerbork, the big camp in Drenthe to which theyre sending all the Jews. If its that bad in Holland, what must it be like in those faraway and uncivilized places where the Germans are sending them? We assume that most of them are being murdered. The English radio says theyre being gassed.October 9, 1942 On Her Old Country, Germany Fine specimens of humanity, those Germanns, and to think Im actually one of them! No, thats not true, Hitler took away our nationality long ago. And besides, there are no greater enemies on earth than the Germans and Jews.October 9, 1942 On Nazi Punishment of Resisters Have you ever heard the term hostages? Thats the latest punishment for saboteurs. Its the most horrible thing you can imagine. Leading citizensinnocent peopleare taken prisoner to await their execution. If the Gestapo cant find the saboteur, they simply grab five hostages and line them up against the wall. You read the announcements of their death in the paper, where theyre referred to as fatal accidents.'October 9, 1942 All college students are being asked to sign an official statement to the effect that they sympathize with the Germans and approve of the New Order. Eighty percent have decided to obay the dictates of their conscience, but the penalty will be severe. Any student refusing to sign will be sent to a German labor camp. May 18, 1943 Here is were the story begins On June 12, 1942, Anne Franks parents gave her a small red-and-white plaid diary for her thirteenth birthday. Anne recorded her innermost feelings in her diary, which she named Kitty. Less than a month after receiving her diary, on July 6, 1942, Anne and her family were forced to go into hiding. Though they could bring very few things with them to the hiding place, Anne brought her diary. During the months Anne lived in hiding, her diary became her best friend and confidant. In hiding, Anne continued to write in her diary nearly every day. She wrote about her life with the seven other people in hidingher parents, her sister, the van Pels family (called the van Daan family by Anne), and Fritz Pfeffer (called Alfred Dussel by Anne), as well as the war going on around her, and her hopes for the future. When she filled up her original diary, Miep Gies and Bep Voskuijl, two of the familys helpers,brought her ledgers and loose sheets of paper to continue writing. She kept these in a briefcase that belonged to her father. In 1944, the Dutch government, which had been in exile in London for most of the occupation,broadcast a request over the radio for people to save their wartime diaries. Anne Frank then began to rewrite her diary with the intention of having it published after the war. On August 4,1944, the Nazis raided the Secret Annex and arrested the residents. They emptied Otto Franks briefcase onto the floor, including Annes diary, in order to carry the familys valuables. After the residents were taken away, Miep and Bep went to the Annex, and attempted to salvage all that they could. They found Annes papers, as well as other personal belongings of the residents, which they took away for safe-keeping. Miep put Annes diary in her desk drawer, to await Annes return. Anne Frank did not survive the Holocaust. Her father, Otto Frank, returned to Amsterdam after the war ended, the sole survivor among those who had hid in the Secret Annex. When he found out that Anne had died in Bergen-Belsen, Miep Gies gave him Annes diary, which she had hidden for almost a year. .u3b83a3b654577ca4fd19660d60cf02df , .u3b83a3b654577ca4fd19660d60cf02df .postImageUrl , .u3b83a3b654577ca4fd19660d60cf02df .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3b83a3b654577ca4fd19660d60cf02df , .u3b83a3b654577ca4fd19660d60cf02df:hover , .u3b83a3b654577ca4fd19660d60cf02df:visited , .u3b83a3b654577ca4fd19660d60cf02df:active { border:0!important; } .u3b83a3b654577ca4fd19660d60cf02df .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3b83a3b654577ca4fd19660d60cf02df { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3b83a3b654577ca4fd19660d60cf02df:active , .u3b83a3b654577ca4fd19660d60cf02df:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3b83a3b654577ca4fd19660d60cf02df .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3b83a3b654577ca4fd19660d60cf02df .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3b83a3b654577ca4fd19660d60cf02df .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3b83a3b654577ca4fd19660d60cf02df .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3b83a3b654577ca4fd19660d60cf02df:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3b83a3b654577ca4fd19660d60cf02df .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3b83a3b654577ca4fd19660d60cf02df .u3b83a3b654577ca4fd19660d60cf02df-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3b83a3b654577ca4fd19660d60cf02df:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Queen of Diamonds EssayCategory: English .